The United Kingdom Statistics Authority has designated these statistics as National Statistics, in accordance with the Statistics and Registration Service Act 2007 and signifying compliance with the Code of Practice for Official Statistics. Here's how it breaks down: U.S. Navy recruiting in 2021: 33,559 U.S. Army recruiting in 2021: 57,606 Army National Guard: 42,957 While these numbers might look promising, they've been falling in recent years. The Ministry of Defence has established an implementation programme to consider the RF30 recommendations. A calendar of upcoming MOD statistical releases can be found on GOV.UK. Military is struggling to meet its fiscal year 2022 recruiting goals, say multiple u.s. Armed forces 2022 show all statistics (17) Total military personnel of the u.s. The Full-time Trained Strength (FTTS) Royal Navy/Royal Marines and Royal Air Force (RN/RM & RAF) and Full-time Trade Trained Strength (FTTTS) (Army) (which comprises military personnel who have completed both Phase 1 and Phase 2 training) is counted against the Workforce Requirement. Defence Statistics welcome feedback on our statistical products. The Maritime Reserve total intake rate was 21.0 per cent; a decrease of 1.8 percentage points since the 12 months to 1 April 2020. Several U.S. Army resources and policies work together to produce recruits. This publication provides information on the number of Military Personnel (defined as the strength), joining (intake) and leaving (outflow) the UK Armed Forces. * 62.2% of RA and 64.2% of AR recruits scored above a 50 on the Armed Forces Qualification Test (the Department of Defense mandates no less than 60%) Geography About 50% of RA recruits come from. Intake and Outflow statistics report how many people have left or joined the Trained or Untrained Strengths. Applicants may have submitted other applications for employment (including multiple applications to join the Armed Forces) and accept another offer; Applications may be submitted with no intention to join (e.g. Outflow from the Trained and Untrained UK Regular Forces was 14,160 in the 12 months to 31 December 2021; up from 12,700 in the 12 months to 31 December 2020. The Army Reserve total Outflow rate was 15.3 per cent; an increase of 3.3 percentage points since the 12 months to 1 January 2021. Every branch of the U.S. military is struggling to meet its fiscal year 2022 recruiting goals, say multiple U.S. military and defense officials, and numbers obtained by NBC News show both a. From the 1 October 2016 edition onwards, Army personnel who have completed Phase 1 training (basic Service training) but not Phase 2 training (trade training), are considered trained personnel. See below for further information. Telephone: 01494 496822, Email: Analysis-Tri-Service@mod.gov.uk UK Forces comprises all UK Regular, Gurkha, Volunteer Reserve and Other personnel. This weekly recap focuses on U.S.-Russia diplomacy in the context of the Ukraine crisis, the value of citizen science, strengthening the America's blood supply, and more. The Q&A with two Marines who work at RAND sheds light on how their military service informs their research and analysis. This is a decrease of 360 (1.3 per cent) since 1 April 2020. This is an increase of 33.8 per cent from the 12 months to 31 March 2020. Individual Harmony is the freedom to enjoy leisure at the normal place of duty or residence at place of duty; this includes leave and adventurous training. UK Service Personnel comprise the total strength of the military personnel employed by the Ministry of Defence (Excel tables, Table 1). In the 12 months to 31 December 2021, the VO rate amongst Other Ranks and Officers was 4.4 per cent and 3.6 per cent respectively. They do not include promotion from Ranks to Officers or flows between Services. Separated service measures absence from normal place of duty. The guidelines are measured over a 36 month period and the limits are: Using 1 April 2021 as an example, the formula for the breach rate is as follows: The percentage breaching harmony has remained stable for the RN/RM (0.2 per cent), decreased for the Army (1.0 per cent) and increased for the RAF (0.3 per cent) as at 1 October 2021 compared to the previous quarter 1 July 2021. The cover story highlights how RAND is helping to redefine high-quality care for service members with a TBI or PTSD. The U.S. military spending is predicted to increase steadily until 2032, and estimates suggest that defense spending will reach nearly one trillion U.S. dollars by 2032. only been higher than outflow in six years. Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. Well send you a link to a feedback form. These applicants will then be withdrawn from the pipeline but the application number will still be counted in the overall volume of applications received. Figure 8 shows that as at 1 April 2020 the RAF Reserves . Full-time Trained Strength (RN/RM & RAF) and Full-time Trade Trained Strength (Army) includes all UK Regular personnel, Gurkhas and those elements of the Full-time Reserve Service (FTRS) who are counted against the workforce requirement (see glossary for more detail). This change enabled the Army to meet the SDSR 15 commitment to improve support to UK resilience. The Service split for this figure can be found in Table 5 below. SW1A 2HB, For general MOD enquiries, please call: 020 7218 9000. Her areas of study include labor economics and defense manpower. UK Service Personnel comprise the total strength of the military personnel employed by the Ministry of Defence (Excel tables [InlineAttachment:1], Table 1). Applications to the British Army Regular Forces in the 12 months to 30 September 2021 were 85,491, a decrease of 17.7 per cent compared to the 12 months to 30 September 2020 (103,907). Military recruiting and retention activities are typically conducted in person, but with COVID-19related stay-at-home orders and social distancing requirements, the armed services had to quickly adapt their policies and procedures or risk missing their end strength objectives. MOD statistics policies Contact us General statistical enquiries In writing: Directorate for Analysis - Publications Team Oak Level 0, West Abbey Wood Bristol BS34 8JH By email:. This is compared to a net gain of 3,110 in the 12 months ending 31 December 2020. Following consultation on changes to the Army Trained Strength definition and the removal of the FR20 intake targets, the MOD released Future Reserves 2020 Trained Strength growth profiles in a Written Ministerial Statement on 8 November 2016. Air Force Special Warfare warrants specialized assessment and selection of future operators. The Army Trained and Trade Trained Strength at 1 January 2022 is higher than at 1 January 2021 by 1.3 per cent and 1.4 per cent respectively. The strength of the Volunteer Reserves has increased for all Services. Figure 8 shows that as at 1 April 2021 the RAF Reserves Trained Strength was 2,890. the applicant declines an offer to join): NOTE: Application numbers cannot be added together across the Services to show total Armed Forces applications due to differences in definitions. More on U.S. Armed Forces Lobbying. How has the religious composition of enlisted soldiers and of officers changed over time? The analysis also covers changes in military personnel policies made during the COVID-19 pandemic. Email: defstrat-stat-health-pq-foi@mod.gov.uk UK Forces comprises all UK Regular, Gurkha, Volunteer Reserve and Other personnel. Figure 6 shows that the Maritime Reserve Trained Strength was 2,860 as at 1 January 2022. Since 1 January 2021, the strength of the Trained and Trade Trained Officers has increased by 0.5 per cent and 0.4 per cent respectively. This is higher than the net intake of 890 in the 12 months to 31 March 2020. So if 100 people apply for a job and you hire 10, your selection ratio is 10:1. Detailed statistics, including unrounded figures, and historic time series can be found in the Excel tables. The Army Reserve total intake rate was 12.2 per cent; a decrease of 3.1 percentage points since the 12 months to 1 April 2020. The public fiasco with the. The United Kingdom Statistics Authority has designated these statistics as National Statistics, in accordance with the Statistics and Registration Service Act 2007 and signifying compliance with the Code of Practice for Official Statistics. This statistical release presents information relating to the gender, ethnicity, nationality, religion and age of Military Personnel employed by the Ministry of Defence (MOD). Telephone: 020 7807 8896, Email: defstrat-stat-civenquiries@mod.gov.uk This population aligns with the old definition of trained personnel, therefore maintaining the continuity of the statistical time series, and will continue to be counted against the historic workforce requirement. The Army have undertaken a review of training requirements and Royal Engineers Other Ranks personnel joining from 1 July 2019 will become Trade Trained after Initial Trade Training (ITT) and will join the Full-time Trade Trained Strength (FTTTS), and therefore we may see a change in the trend. Whilst application counts for each service are based on online applications submitted by an individual and accepted by Defence Recruitment System (DRS), work is ongoing to verify that application processes and definitions are consistent and we would recommend that numbers should not be aggregated to show Armed Forces totals (hence separate tables and graphs are provided). In Table 13, small revisions have also been made to April points in years 2012 and 2016-2020 of less than 5 to the amount of civilian personnel. Following consultation on changes to the Army Trained Strength definition and the removal of the FR20 intake targets, the MOD released Future Reserves 2020 Trained Strength growth profiles in a Written Ministerial Statement on 8 November 2016. As well as leavers and new recruits, this can include personnel transferring to or from the Regular Forces, other Reserve populations, or Reserve re-joiners. A breach of individual harmony guidelines occurs when Service personnel experience separated service for longer than the period outlined in individual harmony guidelines, which are based on the structures and organisation of that Service. Sponsored Reserves who provide a more cost effective solution than Volunteer Reserves are also included in the Army Reserve FR20. There is a deficit of 4.2 per cent, 5.9 per cent and 6.2 per cent in the (RN/RM), the Army and the (RAF) respectively, as can be seen in Table 2 above. However, the Ministry of Defences recruitment campaign is a long-term programme and numbers continue to grow. This affects some Tri-Service totals. The total strength of the UK Forces has increased between 1 April 2020 and 1 April 2021 by 2.5 per cent (4,900 personnel), as shown in Table 1. In the 12 months to 31 March 2021, intake to the. The presentation of future AF strength statistics is under review to reflect the outcome of the IR. Over the same period, applications to the Volunteer Reserves have decreased by 19.5 per cent, from 3,026 in the 12 months to 30 September 2020 to 2,436 in the 12 months to 30 September 2021. Candidate, Pardee RAND Graduate School, Deputy Lead, RAND Space Enterprise Initiative; Assistant Policy Researcher; Ph.D. Corrections which would have a significant impact on the utility of the statistics will be corrected as soon as possible, by reissuing the publication. RF30 builds on the work carried out by FR20;the RF30 Review offers 18 recommendations grouped into four key areas in which the Reserves will need to continue to adapt in order to develop their utility. As can be seen from Figure 2 above, Army Trained strength (FTTS) saw an increase between 1 April 2019 and 1 October 2021, but decreased between 1 October 2021 and 1 January 2022. Other includes outflow from the trained (RN/RM & RAF) and trade trained (Army) strength due to, amongst others, medical reasons, misconduct, compassionate, dismissals and death. For successful applicants who accept an offer to join the Services, there is a substantial processing time between their application being received and the applicant joining the Services. The total Trained and Untrained Strength of the Tri-Service Future Reserves 2020 at 1 January 2022 was 36,620, a decrease of 480 personnel or 1.3 per cent since 1 January 2021. This analysis found that the program's effects were small and not statistically meaningful. The Service split for this figure can be found in Table 5 below. This publication provides information on the number of Military Personnel (defined as the strength), joining (intake) and leaving (outflow) the UK Armed Forces. Gains to Trained Strength and Trained Outflow Further information on the growth of the Reserves can be found in the Policy Background section of previous Monthly Service Personnel Statistics publications. In 2022, there were over 148 thousand personnel serving in the British Armed Forces, compared with just 144 thousand serving in 2019. These figures are not comparable with the figures up until 12 months ending 30 September 2017, as the data is drawn from different databases and have differing definitions of an application. Figure 6: Maritime Reserve Trained Strength. The Army conducted a pilot test of a program in which recruiters were authorized to recruit individuals into any of its three components. Embracing diversity in the military could bring significant operational and strategic advantages. Separated service measures absence from normal place of duty. Please note that these email addresses may change later in the year. Telephone: 030 6793 4531, Email: Analysis-Navy@mod.gov.uk In the first . Volunteer Reserves voluntarily accept an annual training commitment and are liable to be mobilised to deploy on operations. The increase in RAF applications since the introduction of DRS is due to the previous recruitment system having a separate frontend, this was used to assist the initial application processing team in filtering out RAF ineligible applications and non-productive enquiries prior to an official application being recorded. There are 12,170 untrained personnel in the UK Regular Forces (excluding Gurkhas), of which 4,770 are in the RN/RM, 4,070 in the Army and 3,330 are in the RAF. The military estimates that among those who are eligible, a mere 9% have a "propensity" to serve, the lowest since 2007, during the height of the Iraq War. Subscribe to the weekly Policy Currents newsletter to receive updates on the issues that matter most. In the 12 months to 31 March 2021, the VO rate amongst Other Ranks was 3.2 per cent, this is higher than the VO rate for Officers which was 4.4 per cent. The VO Rate for the RN/RM was 4.2 per cent, for the RAF it was 3.7 per cent and for the Army it was 4.1 per cent. change of mind) during the process. The RAF Reserve total strength as at 1 January 2022 was 3,280. An assessment of current and future threats to UK national security; The need for contingent / reactive capability the requirement to be able to respond immediately to domestic or international crisis; Current operational and international obligations (e.g. This Perspective presents conceptual design considerations for implementing a feeder system as an enhanced marketing and outreach program to assist the U.S. Air Force with increasing racial and ethnic diversity in officer accessions. This publication contains information on the strength, intake, outflow and gains to trained strength for the UK Armed Forces overall and each of the Services; Royal Navy/Royal Marines (RN/RM), Army and Royal Air Force (RAF). You have accepted additional cookies. Would you like to be added to our contact list, so that we can inform you about updates to these statistics and consult you if we are thinking of making changes? Changes in technology, the introduction of new equipment and restructuring that leads to equipment becoming obsolete or surplus to requirements. This, in turn, could significantly alter the religious needs of the Army population. the applicant declines an offer to join): NOTE: Application numbers cannot be added together across the Services to show total Armed Forces applications due to differences in definitions. The Integrated Review and Spending Review will determine if there will be any new targets for Full-time Armed Forces personnel. Figures for the period between the introduction of DRS in November 2017 and 30 June 2018 are not available as they are not of the required validity for publication. Telephone: 030 6798 4423, Health Information: The Maritime Reserve total Outflow rate was 19.1 per cent; an increase of 1.3 percentage points since the 12 months to 1 January 2021. This does not affect the Naval Service or the RAF in any way. Figure 7 shows that the Army Reserve Trained Strength was 26,170 as at 1 January 2022. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email: psi@nationalarchives.gov.uk. This affects statistics in some of the accompanying Excel tables, specifically tables: 3a, 3e, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b and 7c. A breach of individual harmony guidelines occurs when Service personnel experience separated service for longer than the period outlined in individual harmony guidelines, which are based on the structures and organisation of that Service. Table 2: FTTS (RN/RM & RAF) and FTTTS (Army). They do not include promotion from Ranks to Officers or flows between Services. If you wish to correspond by mail, our postal address is: Analysis (Tri-Service) Reporting of the growth of the Reserves will be based on strength profiles only. In this report, the authors discuss the results of the first Total Force Recruiting Panel-Technology and Integration Survey, which was designed to provide baseline data about the state of Total Force Recruiting in the Department of the Air Force. The Maritime Reserve total outflow rate was 15.9 per cent; a decrease of 6.4 percentage points since the 12 months to 1 April 2020. Following this, progress against FR20 population Trained Strength targets are reported in Table 6a of the Excel tables, [InlineAttachment:1]. This report summarizes and develops utility functions for a series of behavioral and social science studies to help senior leaders translate the research results into estimates of cost avoidance or other desired benefits. Table 4: Army Officers and Other Ranks by Training Status. Telephone: 023 9262 8738, Email: defstrat-stat-army-enquiries@mod.uk They can be utilised on a part-time or full-time basis to provide support to the Regular Forces at home and overseas. For more information, see: The Army Reserve total outflow rate was 11.8 per cent; a decrease of 1.9 percentage points since the 12 months to 1 April 2020. Figure 8 shows that as at 1 January 2022 the RAF Reserve Trained Strength was 2,890. Figure 4: Outflow of trained (RN/RM & RAF) and trade trained (Army) UK Regulars by exit reason (12 months to 31 March 2021). Other contact points within the Ministry of Defence for Statistics are listed below. Corrections which would have a significant impact on the utility of the statistics will be corrected as soon as possible, by reissuing the publication. Therefore the figures presented here are not comparable with the figures up until 12 months ending 30 September 2017 presented in previous SPS publications. Right now, military recruiting statistics are looking pretty shabby. Count the number of Trained/Trade Trained UK Regular personnel breaching in the 36 months ending to 31 Mar 2021, Divide this by the Trained UK Regular strength as at 1 Apr 2021. This is in contrast to a net loss of 1,500 for the 12 months to 31 March 2020. The total Trained and Untrained Strength of the Tri-Service Future Reserves 2020 at 1 April 2021 was 37,410, an increase of 400 personnel or 1.1 per cent since 1 April 2020. Further statistics can be found in the Excel tables. In the 12 months to 31 March 2022 there was a was a negative net flow of personnel - intake was 13,350 while The Maritime Reserve total Intake rate was 16.5 per cent; a decrease of 3.8 percentage points since the 12 months to 1 January 2021. to satisfy the requirements of job seeking). Well send you a link to a feedback form. Apart from the Applications section, Figures in this publication have been rounded to the nearest 10, though numbers ending in a 5 have been rounded to the nearest multiple of 20 to prevent the systematic bias caused by always rounding numbers upwards. The MOD Disclosure Control and Rounding policy is published on GOV.UK and we have applied this policy to the statistics in the accompanying Excel tables. Over the same period, applications to the Volunteer Reserves have decreased by 30.1 per cent, from 32,764 in the 12 months to 30 September 2020 to 22,903 in the 12 months to 30 September 2021. Future Reserves 2020 includes Volunteer Reserves who are mobilised, High Readiness Reserves and those Volunteer Reserves serving on Full-time Reserve Service (FTRS) and Additional Duties Commitment (ADC). These figures are not comparable with the figures up until 12 months ending 30 September 2017, as the data is drawn from different databases and have differing definitions of an application. Figure 14: Applications to the Army split by UK Regular Forces and Volunteer Reserves. Personnel and career management are critical to a well-trained U.S. Army Reserve (USAR). Following the Integrated Review and Spending Review, the previous future workforce requirements for the Armed Forces are no longer applicable. to satisfy the requirements of job seeking). The authors examined existing modeling tools and developed a detailed plan for combining outputs from the tools to enable USAR to forecast 24-month end strength. The trained and trade trained strength is higher than at 1 April 2020 by 4.0 per cent and 4.5 per cent respectively. The number of people you hired divided by the total number of applicants. The FTTS (RN/RM & RAF) and FTTTS (Army) comprises: 132,390 Regular personnel (96.9 per cent), 3,400 Gurkhas (2.5 per cent), and 810 Full-time Reserve Service personnel (0.6 per cent) who are filling Regular posts and count against the Workforce Requirement. Figures from 12 months ending 30 June 2019 onwards define an application as an online application submitted by an individual and accepted by Defence Recruitment System (DRS). To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email: psi@nationalarchives.gov.uk. The Russian armed forces have suffered tens of thousands of casualties and lost more than 5,000 pieces of equipment. As Western policymakers consider how to deal with Afghan evacuees, including former members of the Afghan security forces, they might consider how to prevent adversaries such as Iran from recruiting Afghan refugees for dangerous and destabilizing operations. There has been a revision to the number of Army Volunteer Reserve personnel as at 1 October 2018 due to a processing error. The Trained Strength definition for the Royal Navy, RAF, Maritime Reserve and RAF Reserves has not changed, reflecting the requirement for their personnel to complete Phase 2 training to be able to fulfil the core function of their respective Services. Further historic statistics will be added in due course; in the meantime, historic statistics can be found in the following archived publications: The glossary contains definitions of terminology used in this publication. For more information, see: The Future Reserves 2020 (FR20) programme aims to increase the size of the Reserve Forces. U.S. military size for 2016 was 1,348,400.00, a 0.08% increase from 2015. Telephone: 01264 886021, Email: Analysis-Air@mod.uk The most recent official recruitment figures released show that in the year to the end of March 2019 the army enlisted 1,000 16-year-olds and a further 820 17-year-olds, accounting for. The Pardee RAND Graduate School (PardeeRAND.edu) is home to the only Ph.D. and M.Phil. The SDSR 2015 Defence Key Facts booklet announced new targets for 2020 for each of the Services. VO Rate is the number of personnel voluntarily outflowing as a proportion of the average Trained Strength for the outflow period. Floor 3 Zone M Figure 1: FTTS (RN/RM & RAF) and FTTTS (Army) against Workforce Requirement, Table 3: Comparison of Full-Time Trained and Trade-Trained Strengths (Army), Figure 2: FTTS & FTTTS in the Army since Trained Strength definition change (Oct 16). This amount represents a slight increase in comparison to the number recorded in. Applications will not result in intake if, for example, they are withdrawn by the applicant during the recruitment process, rejected by the Services, or if an offer to join the Services is declined by the applicant. Jan 18, 2022 Essay Gains to Trained Strength (GTS) figures comprise all Regular personnel who complete Phase 2 training and those that enter directly into the Phase 2 Trained strength. A formal response, or responses, to the RF30 Review will follow the RF30 implementation programmes detailed analysis of the recommendations. those who have completed Phase 1 training). Table 5: UK Regular Forces by Service and Training Status. NATO, UN). To help us improve GOV.UK, wed like to know more about your visit today. Figure 15: Applications to the RAF split by UK Regular Forces and Volunteer Reserves. If you have any comments or questions about this publication or about our statistics in general, you can contact us as follows: Responsible statistician: Analysis Tri-Service Intake and outflow statistics report how many people have left or joined the Trained or Untrained Strengths. The Untrained Strength reflects the number of personnel who can potentially join the Trained Strength. Separated service data can be found in Table 10 of the accompanying, Excel tables. As can be seen from Figure 2 above, Army trained strength (FTTS) and Army trade trained strength (FTTTS) has been increasing since April 2020. Changes in the religious composition of the United States could affect the religious composition of recruits into the U.S. Army. The Maritime Reserve total strength as at 1 April 2021 was 4,080. Email: DefStrat-Econ-ESES-PQFOI@mod.gov.uk The RAF Reserves total strength as at 1 April 2021 was 3,300. Additionally, totals and sub-totals are rounded separately and so may not equal the sums of their rounded parts. The strength of trained Other Ranks has increased by 1.0 per cent and the strength of trade trained Other Ranks has decreased by 0.5 per cent respectively, as can be inferred from Table 4 above. The authors examine the nontechnical attributes needed to conduct challenging missions and the process for selecting candidates who can succeed. Army personnel who have completed Phase 2 training are now called Trade Trained. Across all Services, VO was the most common reason for outflow of Trained (RN/RM & RAF) and Trade-Trained (Army) personnel, accounting for 60.9 per cent of outflow in the 12 months to 31 March 2020 (See Figure 4). The Army Reserve total Intake rate was 14.1 per cent; an increase of 2.1 percentage points since the 12 months to 1 January 2021. NATO, UN); Changes in technology, the introduction of new equipment and restructuring that leads to equipment becoming obsolete or surplus to requirements; The need to deliver against the military tasks as efficiently as possible, maintaining a balanced, affordable defence budget. U.S. military size for 2018 was 1,379,800.00, a 1.53% increase from 2017. To fill the gap, the Army is offering. This comes as it is revealed that over 100,000 people applied to join the Army since April, an increase of at least 5 per cent over the same period last year and the highest in recent years. Table 4: Army Officers and Other Ranks by Training Status. The Full-Time Trained Strength (RN/RM & RAF) and Full-Time Trade Trained Strength (Army) gradually increased between 1 July 2020 and 1 July 2021 but has been decreasing since, as shown below in Figure 1. Terminology has also been updated in Excel tables 3c and 4. The percentage breaching harmony for RN/RM has increased slightly since the previous quarter. Drawing upon decades of experience, RAND provides research services, systematic analysis, and innovative thinking to a global clientele that includes government agencies, foundations, and private-sector firms. Other includes Outflow from the Trained (RN/RM & RAF) and Trade Trained (Army) strength due to, amongst others, medical reasons, misconduct, compassionate, dismissals and death. From the 1 October 2016 edition onwards, Army personnel who have completed Phase 1 training (basic Service training) but not Phase 2 training (trade training), are considered trained personnel. After a dip in personnel strength in FY 2019, both regular and reserve components have recovered. Trained and Trade Trained direct entrants in the 12 months to 31 December 2021 was 410. According to military personnel officials at a Senate hearing last week, 2022 is shaping up to be "arguably the most challenging recruiting year" since 1973. For example, diversity is important in developing effective, ethical, and trustworthy AI systems. The time an individual experiences separated service is compared against each Services Individual Harmony guidelines to ensure a balance between duty and leisure for all Service personnel. These deficits will make it hard for Russia to hold regions in Ukraine that it may soon try to annex.

Kelly Mcglynn Leaving Wect, Panhandle High School Sports, Byty Na Predaj Trnava Centrum, Consequences Of Breaking Marriage Vows, Articles M